岳阳楼记 (yuè yáng lóu jì)
Author: 范仲淹 (fàn zhòng yān)
Song Dynasty, 宋朝 (sòng cháo)

qìng
/ celebrate /
/ calendar /
四年
sì nián
四年
/ four years /
chūn
/ spring (time) / gay / joyful / youthful / love / lust / life /
téng
/ (surname) / place name /
/ 11 p.m.-1 a.m. / 1st earthly branch / child / midnight / son / child / seed / egg / small thing /
jīng
/ capital / Beijing (abbrev.) /
zhé
/ disgrace (an official) / find fault /
shǒu
/ to guard /
/ (suff. for certain nouns) / to hope / to wish / Palestinian, Palestine (abbrev.) / Pakistan (abbrev.) / Pascal (unit of pressure) /
líng
/ mound / tomb / hill / mountain /
jùn
/ canton / county / region /
yuè
/ to exceed / to climb over / to surpass / the more ... the more /
明年
míng nián
明年
/ next year /
zhèng
/ political / politics / government /
tōng
/ go through / know well / to connect / to communicate / open /
rén
/ man / person / people /
/ and / together with / with / peace / harmony / union /
bǎi
/ hundred /
fèi
/ abolish / crippled /
/ tool / device / utensil / equipment / instrument /
xīng
/ flourish / it is the fashion to / to become popular /
nǎi
/ to be / thus / so / therefore / then / only / thereupon /
chóng
/ to double / to repeat / repetition / iteration / again / a layer /
xīu
/ to decorate / to embellish / to repair / to build / to study / to write / to cultivate /
岳阳
yuè yáng
岳阳
/ (N) Yueyang (city in Hunan) /
lóu
/ house with more than 1 story / storied building / floor /
zēng
/ to increase / to expand / to add /
/ his / her / its / theirs / that / such / it (refers to sth preceding it) /
jìu
/ old (opposite of new) / former /
zhì
/ system / to make / to manufacture / to control / to regulate /
/ quarter (hour) / (a measure word) / to carve / to engrave / to cut / oppressive /
táng
/ Tang dynasty (618-907) /
xián
/ worthy (person) /
jīn
/ today / modern / present / current / this / now /
rén
/ man / person / people /
shī
/ poem / poetry / verse /
/ poetic essay / taxation / bestow on / endow with /
/ (surname) /
/ his / her / its / theirs / that / such / it (refers to sth preceding it) /
shàng
/ on / up / on top / upon / first (of two parts) / previous or last (week, etc.) / upper / higher / above / previous / to climb / to go into / above / to go up /
shǔ
/ belong to / category / be subordinate to / genus (taxonomy) / be born in the year of (one of the 12 animals) / family members / dependants /
/ I /
作文
zuò wén
作文
/ composition /
/ to use / according to / so as to / in order to / by / with / because / Israel (abbrev.) /
/ to remember / to note / mark / sign / to record /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /


/ I /
guān
/ to look at / to watch / to observe / to behold /
/ porter /
/ (suff. for certain nouns) / to hope / to wish / Palestinian, Palestine (abbrev.) / Pakistan (abbrev.) / Pascal (unit of pressure) /
líng
/ mound / tomb / hill / mountain /
shēng
/ (also sheng4) able to do / competent enough to /
zhuàng
/ accusation / suit / state / condition / strong / great /
zài
/ (located) at / in / exist / (before verbs) immediately involved in / right in the middle of doing /
dòng
/ cave / hole /
tíng
/ court / courtyard /
/ one / 1 / single / a / an / entire /
/ lake /
xián
/ hold in mouth /
yuǎn
/ far / distant / remote /
shān
/ mountain / hill /
tūn
/ to swallow / to take /
长江
cháng jiāng
长江
/ Changjiang River / Yangtze River /
hào
/ grand / vast (water) /
hào
/ grand / vast (water) /
tāng
/ (surname) / soup /
tāng
/ (surname) / soup /
héng
/ horizontal / across / (horizontal character stroke) /
/ -less / not to have / no / none / not / to lack / un- /
/ border / edge / boundary / between / among / interval / while /
/ border / horizon / shore /
cháo
/ to face / towards / facing / direct / a dynasty / the imperial court / (abbr.) Korea, esp. N. Korea /
huī
/ bright / radiant /
/ evening /
yīn
/ (of weather) overcast / Yin / feminine / moon / cloudy / negative (electric.) / shady /
气象
qì xiàng
气象
/ meteorology / atmosphere /
wàn
/ Wan (surname) / ten thousand / a great number /
qiān
/ thousand /
/ this / these /
/ (expresses contrast with a previous sentence or clause) / standard / norm / rule / to imitate / to follow / then / principle /
岳阳
yuè yáng
岳阳
/ (N) Yueyang (city in Hunan) /
lóu
/ house with more than 1 story / storied building / floor /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
/ big / huge / large / major / great / wide / deep / oldest / eldest /
guān
/ to look at / to watch / to observe / to behold /
/ also / too /
前人
qián rén
前人
/ (n) ancestors /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
shù
/ to state / to tell / to narrate / to relate /
bèi
/ to prepare / get ready / to provide or equip /
/ final part. /
然则
rán zé
然则
/ that being the case / then / in that case /
běi
/ north /
tōng
/ go through / know well / to connect / to communicate / open /
巫峡
wū xiá
巫峡
/ Wuxia Gorge, in the Changjiang River Three Gorges /
南极
nán jí
南极
/ south pole /
xiāo
/ river name / sound of rain and wind /
xiāng
/ name of a river / Hunan province (abbrev.) /
qiān
/ to move / to shift /
/ customer / visitor / guest /
sāo
/ have sex appeal /
rén
/ man / person / people /
duō
/ many / much / a lot of / numerous / multi- /
huì
/ be able to / be likely to / to assemble / to meet / to gather / group / association /
/ (surname) /
/ this / these /
lǎn
/ look over / to view /
/ thing / object / matter /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
qíng
/ feeling / emotion / passion / situation /
/ obtain / get / gain / proper / suitable / proud / contented / allow / permit / ready / finished /
/ -less / not to have / no / none / not / to lack / un- /
/ (interj.) / raise / to stop /
/ (interrog. part.) /


ruò
/ to seem / like / as / if /
/ porter /
yín
/ heavy rain /
/ rain /
fēi
/ fall of snow /
fēi
/ fall of snow /
lián
/ (surname) / even / as / join / to link / successively /
yuè
/ moon / month /
/ (negative prefix) / not / no /
kāi
/ open / operate (vehicle) / start /
yīn
/ (of weather) overcast / Yin / feminine / moon / cloudy / negative (electric.) / shady /
fēng
/ wind / news / style / custom / manner /
/ indignant /
háo
/ roar / cry /
zhuó
/ impure / muddy /
làng
/ wave / breaker / unrestrained / dissipated /
pái
/ a platoon / line up /
kōng
/ air / sky / empty / in vain /
/ day / sun / date / day of the month / Japan (abbrev.) /
xīng
/ star / satellite / small amount /
yǐn
/ secret / hidden / concealed /
耀
yào
耀
/ brilliant / glorious /
shān
/ mountain / hill /
yuè
/ mountain /
qián
/ hidden / latent / secret / to hide / to conceal / secret / hidden / to submerge /
xíng
/ to appear / to look / form / shape /
shāng
/ commerce / consult /
/ trip / travel /
/ (negative prefix) / not / no /
háng
/ a row / profession / professional /
qiáng
/ boom / mast /
qīng
/ to overturn / to collapse / to lean / to tend / to incline / to pour out /
/ oar / to row /
cuī
/ break / destroy / devastate / ravage / repress /
薄暮
bó mù
薄暮
/ dusk / twilight /
míng
/ dark / deep /
míng
/ dark / deep /
/ tiger /
xiào
/ to hiss / to whistle /
yuán
/ ape /
/ mourn / to cry / hoof /
dēng
/ scale / climb / ascend / mount / go up / register / note / to publish / to issue / to record /
/ (phonetic) / this /
lóu
/ house with more than 1 story / storied building / floor /
/ also / too /
/ (expresses contrast with a previous sentence or clause) / standard / norm / rule / to imitate / to follow / then / principle /
yǒu
/ to have / there is / there are / to exist / to be /
/ to go / to leave / to remove /
guó
/ country / state / nation /
怀
huái
怀
/ to think of / to cherish / mind / heart / bosom /
xiāng
/ country / village /
yōu
/ worried /
chán
/ slander / defame / misrepresent / to speak maliciously /
wèi
/ to fear /
/ ridicule /
mǎn
/ Manchurian / to fill / to fulfill / filled / packed /
/ eye / item / section / list / catalogue / table of contents / order (taxonomy) / goal / name / title /
xiāo
/ mournful /
rán
/ correct / right / so / thus / like this / -ly /
gǎn
/ to feel / to move / to touch / to affect /
/ extremely / pole (geography, physics) / utmost / top /
ér
/ and / as well as / but (not) / yet (not) / (shows causal relation) / (shows change of state) / (shows contrast) /
bēi
/ sad / sadness / sorrow / grief /
zhě
/ -ist, -er (person) / person (who does sth) /
/ final part. /


zhì
/ arrive / most / to / until /
ruò
/ to seem / like / as / if /
chūn
/ spring (time) / gay / joyful / youthful / love / lust / life /
/ and / together with / with / peace / harmony / union /
jǐng
/ bright / circumstance / scenery /
míng
/ clear / bright / to understand / next / the Ming dynasty /
波澜
bō lán
波澜
/ great waves / billows /
/ (negative prefix) / not / no /
jīng
/ to start / to be frightened / to be scared / alarm /
上下
shàng xià
上下
/ up and down / top and bottom / old and new /
tiān
/ day / sky / heaven /
guāng
/ light / ray / bright /
/ one / 1 / single / a / an / entire /
/ green jade / bluish green / blue / jade /
wàn
/ Wan (surname) / ten thousand / a great number /
qǐng
/ 100 mu / a short while ago / a 'ching' (unit of area) / approx. (with dates) / a short while /
shā
/ granule / hoarse / raspy / sand / powder /
ōu
/ common gull /
xiáng
/ soar /
/ to gather / to collect / collected works /
jǐn
/ brocade / embroidered work / bright /
lín
/ scales (of fish) /
游泳
yóu yǒng
游泳
/ swim /
àn
/ bank / shore / beach / coast /
zhǐ
/ angelica (type of iris; plant root used for medicine) /
tīng
/ sand-bank /
lán
/ orchid /
/ (surname) / elegant /
/ (surname) / elegant /
qīng
/ green (blue, black) / Qinghai province (abbrev.) /
qīng
/ green (blue, black) / Qinghai province (abbrev.) /
ér
/ and / as well as / but (not) / yet (not) / (shows causal relation) / (shows change of state) / (shows contrast) /
huò
/ maybe / perhaps / might / possibly / or /
cháng
/ length / long / forever / always / constantly /
yān
/ cigarette / tobacco / smoke /
/ one / 1 / single / a / an / entire /
kōng
/ air / sky / empty / in vain /
hào
/ bright / d (19th) / white /
yuè
/ moon / month /
qiān
/ thousand /
/ inside / internal / interior /
/ to float /
guāng
/ light / ray / bright /
yuè
/ to jump / to leap /
jīn
/ metal / money / gold /
jìng
/ still / calm / quiet / not moving /
yǐng
/ picture / image / reflection / shadow /
chén
/ sink /
/ piece of jade with hole in center /
/ fisherman / to fish /
/ song /
/ mutual /
/ to answer / agree /
/ this / these /
/ (surname) / happy / laugh / cheerful /
/ carry / what / how / why / which /
/ extremely / pole (geography, physics) / utmost / top /
dēng
/ scale / climb / ascend / mount / go up / register / note / to publish / to issue / to record /
/ (phonetic) / this /
lóu
/ house with more than 1 story / storied building / floor /
/ also / too /
/ (expresses contrast with a previous sentence or clause) / standard / norm / rule / to imitate / to follow / then / principle /
yǒu
/ to have / there is / there are / to exist / to be /
xīn
/ heart / mind /
kuàng
/ waste / wilderness /
shén
/ God / unusual / mysterious / soul / spirit / divine essence / lively / spiritual being /
/ harmony / pleased /
chǒng
/ to love / to pamper / to spoil / to favor /
/ disgrace / insult /
jiē
/ in company with /
wàng
/ to forget / to overlook / to neglect /
/ (a measure word) / (marker for direct-object) / to hold / to contain / to grasp / to take hold of /
jǐu
/ wine / liquor / spirits /
lín
/ to face / to overlook / to arrive / to be (just) about to / just before /
fēng
/ wind / news / style / custom / manner /
/ his / her / its / theirs / that / such / it (refers to sth preceding it) /
/ to be fond of / to like / to enjoy / to be happy / to feel pleased / happiness / delight / glad /
yáng
/ foreign / ocean /
yáng
/ foreign / ocean /
zhě
/ -ist, -er (person) / person (who does sth) /
/ final part. /
jiē
/ sigh /
/ porter /
/ I /
cháng
/ indicator of past tense / to taste / flavor / already / ever / once / test / already / formerly /
qíu
/ to seek / to look for / to request / to demand / to beseech /
/ ancient / old /
rén
/ humane /
rén
/ man / person / people /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
xīn
/ heart / mind /
huò
/ maybe / perhaps / might / possibly / or /
/ (interj.) / raise / to stop /
二者
èr zhě
二者
/ both [of them] / neither /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
wéi
/ act as / take...to be / to be / to do / to serve as / to become /
/ carry / what / how / why / which /
zāi
/ (exclamatory or interrog. part.) /
/ (negative prefix) / not / no /
/ to use / according to / so as to / in order to / by / with / because / Israel (abbrev.) /
/ thing / object / matter /
/ to be fond of / to like / to enjoy / to be happy / to feel pleased / happiness / delight / glad /
/ (negative prefix) / not / no /
/ to use / according to / so as to / in order to / by / with / because / Israel (abbrev.) /
/ 6th heavenly stem / self /
bēi
/ sad / sadness / sorrow / grief /
/ reside /
miào
/ temple / monastery /
táng
/ (main) hall / large room /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
gāo
/ high / tall /
/ (expresses contrast with a previous sentence or clause) / standard / norm / rule / to imitate / to follow / then / principle /
yōu
/ worried /
/ his / her / its / theirs / that / such / it (refers to sth preceding it) /
mín
/ the people / nationality / citizen /
chǔ
/ to reside / to live / to dwell / to be in / to stay / get along with / to be in a position of / deal with /
江湖
jiāng hú
江湖
/ Jianghu /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
yuǎn
/ far / distant / remote /
/ (expresses contrast with a previous sentence or clause) / standard / norm / rule / to imitate / to follow / then / principle /
yōu
/ worried /
/ his / her / its / theirs / that / such / it (refers to sth preceding it) /
jūn
/ monarch / lord / gentleman / ruler /
shì
/ is / are / am / yes / to be /
jìn
/ advance / enter / to come in /
/ also /
yōu
/ worried /
退
tuì
退
/ retreat / to decline / to move back / to withdraw /
/ also /
yōu
/ worried /
然则
rán zé
然则
/ that being the case / then / in that case /
何时
hé shí
何时
/ when /
ér
/ and / as well as / but (not) / yet (not) / (shows causal relation) / (shows change of state) / (shows contrast) /
/ (surname) / happy / laugh / cheerful /
/ (final part.) / (phonetic) /
/ his / her / its / theirs / that / such / it (refers to sth preceding it) /
/ certainly / must / will / necessarily /
yuē
/ to speak / to say /
先天
xiān tiān
先天
/ inborn / innate /
xià
/ under / second (of two parts) / next (week, etc.) / lower / below / underneath / down(wards) / to decline / to go down / latter /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
yōu
/ worried /
ér
/ and / as well as / but (not) / yet (not) / (shows causal relation) / (shows change of state) / (shows contrast) /
yōu
/ worried /
后天
hòu tiān
后天
/ day after tomorrow / post-natal /
xià
/ under / second (of two parts) / next (week, etc.) / lower / below / underneath / down(wards) / to decline / to go down / latter /
zhī
/ (literary equivalent of 的) / (subor. part.) / him / her / it /
/ (surname) / happy / laugh / cheerful /
ér
/ and / as well as / but (not) / yet (not) / (shows causal relation) / (shows change of state) / (shows contrast) /
/ (surname) / happy / laugh / cheerful /
/ (interrog. part.) /
/ (interj. of approval) / belch /
wēi
/ micro / tiny / miniature /
/ (phonetic) / this /
rén
/ man / person / people /
/ I / my /
shéi
/ who /
/ (interrog. part.) /
guī
/ to go back / to return /


shí
/ time / period /
lìu
/ six / 6 /
nián
/ year /
九月
jǐu yuè
九月
/ ninth month / September /
十五
shí wǔ
十五
/ fifteen /
/ day / sun / date / day of the month / Japan (abbrev.) /

Translation:
During the spring of the fourth Qing Li year, Teng Zhi Jing was demoted to oversee the Ba Ling region. In the following year, with an efficient government and a harmonious populace, a hundred things were rebuilt. Thus the Yue Yang Tower was renovated, its former structure was expanded, Tang poetry was carved on its walls, with contemporary poetry on top. I was asked to compose a piece to record this.

I gazed at Ba Ling's majestic landscape, by a lake called Dong Ting. It held the distant mountains, seeming to swallow up the Long River, which was flowing boundlessly, without any limits; the morning was bright and the night was cold, the atmosphere was always changing. This is Yue Yang Tower's great scenery. Others before us had already talked enough about it. Since the north opens to the Wu Gorge, and the south connects with Xiao Xiang River, travelers and poets, many of them gathered here; the sentiments that arise from seeing this, how could they not be different?

If a heavy rain comes in succession, even the moon would not show, the cold wind roared in anger, muddy waves swelled up in the air; the sun and stars conceal their brilliance, mountains and hills hide their forms; tradesmen could not travel, masts get overturned and oars get broken; the twilight being dark, tigers growl and apes call out. Ascending the tower, having left one's country and missing one's hometown, concerned about slander and fearing ridicule, my eyes were filled with desolation, I was feeling extremely sorrowful.

As spring came and the land brightens, the waves are no longer turbulent, above and below there is daylight, a blue color that stretches for ten thousand miles; seagulls soar together, brocaded fishes swim around, iris grew on the shores and orchids on sand-banks, fragrant and green. Or once the mist vanishes into empty air, the bright moon would be visible for a thousand miles, its floating rays flashing like gold, while quiet shadows sink into crevices; fishermen's songs resonate together, how joyful this is! Ascending this tower, the heart is at ease and the spirit feels at peace, favors and insults are forgotten, raising one's cup while a breeze blows, my happiness is boundless. Sigh! I seek to follow the ancients with compassionate hearts, their attitudes are perhaps different from the two I described above. Why? They do not go into ecstasies of delight, nor do they fall into deep despair. Residing in the high courts, they are concerned about the people; while out in the remote parts of society, they are concerned about state affairs. Upon entering office they worry, upon leaving it they also worry. In that case when would they be happy? This would have been their reply: The first concern is the affairs of the world, the last concern is to enjoy oneself! Oh! Without these people, whom would I emulate?

6th year (1046 A.D.) September 15.

岳阳楼记-中文翻译英文
Translated from Chinese to English by HM68.COM

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